Breast cancer is a common type of cancer. An early stage of breast cancer has no such visible symptoms except a lump in the breast area. Breast cancer cells multiply continuously which leads to a tumor in the breasts. It is important to know the type of breast cancer to get the right treatment. Self-examining of the breast is an important healthcare routine which every individual should follow and if not then visiting a doctor for monthly checkups is advised. There are various types of Breast cancers such as the Paget’s diseases, metastatic breast cancer, inflammatory breast cancer, and phyllodes of the breast. According to the American Cancer Society, about 2 million women are diagnosed with breast cancer every year. The various causes of breast cancer Being overweight after menopause is a common problem in women and this leads to breast cancer. Exposure to harmful radiations is another important cause of breast cancer. Breast cancer is common in elder women’s because the age is an important factor that increases the risk of developing cancerous cells. Consumption of alcohol on a daily basis is an important cause of breast cancer. The use of contraceptive pills has a high risk of developing cancer.

Opiates or opioids are a type of painkillers and they are known to provide relief from acute pain. However, a prolonged usage of such painkillers can lead to addiction. This is termed as opioid addiction. This is often regarded as the leading cause of deaths. Opioid addiction is a deep-rooted and chronic disease that is likely to last for a long time along with causing major health, economic and social problems. Opioids are a type of medication that affects the nervous system directly. As a result, a person experiences a sense of pleasure and this is when there is less pain. These are sometimes prescribed by the physicians as per need. But when someone starts to depend on these medications even when they are not in pain or have got cured of the reason, for which they were prescribed, that stage is called addiction. Although there is no proper cure for this addiction, only a rehabilitation center can be of immense help in cases of extreme addiction. Causes of opioid addiction The exact reason is yet to be found, as to why a person develops such addiction towards opioids. Usually, people get used to the idea of feeling euphoric and lightweight and stress relieved after they intake opioids, and hence, become addicted.

Dry eyes is a common chronic issue that affects about 48% citizens aged over 18 and visit the optical specialist doctor due to lack of moisture and sufficient lubrication on the eye’s surface. What starts as trivial and constant irritation on the eye’s surface, can ultimately lead to chronic and severe inflammation as well as front surface scarring of the eyes. Among the people suffering from this issue, a significant percentage of them are aged over 40 and as a matter of fact, the gender ratio shows that the number of female affected from this is two times than that of men. What are the causes of dry eyes? Aging and menopause are some of the most common causes of this syndrome. A good many people also quit contact lenses as these can create discomfort and dryness from prolonged use. While air conditioning, air heating and ceiling fans in the indoor environment reduce humidity to cause dryness in eyes, the outdoor environmental conditions like windy or dry conditions and aridness increase the risk of dry eyes. Apart from smoking and intake of antihistamines, blood pressure medicines, contraceptive pills and antidepressants, certain health conditions like thyroid, rheumatoid arthritis, diabetes, and Sjogren’s syndrome can cause dry eyes.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a lung-related inflammatory disease that obstructs the path of air. It is considered to be the third largest cause of death among people in the country. In this disease, there is mainly a slow inflammation of the bronchioles that carries gasses to the alveoli. It may also affect the alveolar walls thus making it difficult for the lung to carry its function normally. It is a chronic disorder that develops with age and interferes with the flow of air through the constricted air passages. What are the Causes of COPD? The predominant cause of COPD is long-term smoking. It is found that 20%-30% chain smokers develop the risk of having COPD in their lifetime. COPD may include those who are non-smokers but are passively subjected to cigarette smoke. Pipe and cigar smoke are some of the recognized causes of the disease. COPD may be due to a genetic abnormality that affects the DNA resulting in a low level of alpha-1-antitrypsin protein. It is generally secreted in the liver and gets transported to the lungs through the blood. Its main role is to protect the lungs from injury. It may affect the adults as well as children.

Constipation is characterized by difficult bowel movements accompanied by difficulty in passing stool easily. This particular condition is common among most individuals, irrespective of age. A chronic constipation problem stops the daily stool process and such frequent constipation problems need to be treated at the earliest. Uneasy and hard stools can not only make one feel irritated throughout the day but it can also be a reason for bloating. Constipation is caused due to gastrointestinal problems. It is a critical condition of the digestive system as it becomes difficult for a person to excrete the waste from his or her body. Such problems are caused due to the sudden change in the lifestyle process and/or food habits. To overcome such disorders it is important to intake the right amount of fiber in food. Constipation can be cured with proper medicines and an ample amount of fiber intake. Extended constipation problem is always painful and irritating as it disrupts physical activity and is sometimes accompanied by fever and even bleeding. Identifying the constipation problem in patients is difficult as this problem arises in people at different times. Causes of constipation The main cause of constipation is the lack of fiber in food.

When the cells of the inner layer of the urinary bladder, such as the innermost mucosa, begin to grow out of control and the malignant tumor is formed, the condition is called bladder cancer. Through metastasis, the cancerous cells can spread to other body parts and become destructive. The bones, lymph nodes, liver, kidney, and lungs are the primary organs that get affected when the cancer spreads. Generally, the cancerous cells look like shrubs or nodule shaped. The various types of bladder cancers are as follows: Urothelial Carcinoma Also known as transitional cell carcinoma, this is the most common form of bladder cancer that affects the inner urothelial cells of the urinary tract. Invasive Cancer Quite complicated for treating, invasive cancers can spread quickly and affect the deeper layers of the bladder wall. Non-invasive Cancer This condition is primary and treatable as the deeper layers are not easily affected although transitional epithelium cells of the inner layer are affected. Flat Carcinoma They are generally non-invasive flat tumors growing in the innermost layer of the bladder cells instead of the hollow part of the bladder Papillary Carcinoma The cells look like slender fingers projected from the inner surface in the hollow center of the bladder.

Bowel incontinence is a condition where a person experiences an involuntary excretion of bowel due to the loss of control of bowel movements. In this case, the stool generally leaks out of the rectum at unexpected times. This disorder is variable according to severity. It can range from an instance of occasional leakage to the total loss of bowel control. The condition of fecal incontinence is an embarrassing situation for anyone who experiences it. One should not be shy while speaking about it with the doctor. Bowel incontinence can occur due to many causes. It carries a lot of complications which a patient may face too. Moreover, there are several risk factors which may increase the chances of someone experiencing bowel incontinence. This condition is experinced by women than in men. It is a wrong belief that bowel incontinence is not treatable. Though it can affect people who are older, it does not mean that all old people can mandatorily have fecal incontinence. Causes of bowel incontinence The causes of bowel incontinence are diverse. One can develop this disorder due to a number of reasons like: Diarrhea This is an important and one of the most common reasons why bowel incontinence is caused.

Back pain is a symptom that is accompanied by various diseases. Back pain is common in adults and can be categorized into acute and chronic pain. Acute pain continues for a long period that can be as small as 2 weeks to a maximum of 6 weeks. Chronic back pain is a type where there are persisting symptoms that range from 1 to 3 months. It is less common among the young generation. It is assessed to be found in different portions of the back and most of the times, it points towards a specific disease. Generally, the symptoms of these diseases are very similar and require several diagnostic measures to analyze their root cause. Causes of back pain There are several factors associated with back pain like age, obesity, psychological abnormality, smoking, and lack of exercise. Some other reasons for back pain are: Arthritis mainly affects the lower back and results in the formation of spaces around the spinal cord. This is commonly referred to as spinal stenosis. The disc is like a cushion present in between the two spinal bones and performs the function of resisting stress. If it gets swollen or ruptured, it may compress the nerve housing the same.

Rheumatoid arthritis is a common condition faced by many in the country. It is a chronic inflammatory disorder that affects many joints including those in the hand and the feet.  Rheumatoid arthritis is one of the common types of arthritis that affects many individuals.  In this condition, the immune system begins to attack its own tissues in the body; however, in severe cases, it can also attack one’s internal organs. In the initial stages of r heumatoid arthritis , the synovium (lining of the joints) gets attacked, and, if left untreated, it advances to the acute stage. In the acute stage, the immune system can damage the heart, lungs, eye, skin, etc. Most patients generally experience the adverse effects of this disease in their limbs. Mainly, the joints become stiff and the patient faces difficulties with moving their hands and feet. The American College of Rheumatology suggests that there are around 1.3 million citizens who are affected by this disease. A larger fraction of three-fourths comprises women. Causes of rheumatoid arthritis Doctors dealing with patients affected by this disease are still unable to find out the exact causes of r heumatoid arthritis . They have only reported that this disease is caused due to some unusual responses of the immune system.

When weight loss and eating disorders become excessive and the normal body mass is decreased significantly, often leading to serious health issues or even death, it is called anorexia nervosa. The fear of getting fat or gaining weight in teens, especially women leads them to starve themselves to control weight irrespective of what their actual weight is. The recent study also indicates that about 13% of women aged over 50 years have this psychological disorder, which if goes untreated, can cause death too. In the binge-purge type anorexia nervosa, the patient has the tendency to vomit forcefully or exercising rigorously to alleviate the weight. In the restrictive anorexia, the patient becomes too self-disciplined and consumes a small amount of food which is not sufficient to keep the body weight normal. What are the causes of anorexia nervosa? Although the exact reason behind having anorexia nervosa is not known, generally the biological and life events are considered to be the prevalent reasons. If parents had an eating disorder history, the genes can get transferred to the offspring and also the siblings. Lack of self-confidence, bullying from others regarding physical appearance or having bitter social experience can lead to anorexia. Those who excel in their sectors can get over-conscious in being a perfectionist, thereby starving themselves to grow lean.

Pneumonia is caused due to an infection in the lungs that is primarily caused due to the accumulation of bacteria or fungi. Pneumonia at an initial stage is mild, but if no action is taken, it can be risky for one’s life. Mostly, children, as well as adults who have a very weak immune system, are likely to be affected by pneumonia. A person suffering from pneumonia usually experiences a higher body temperature that ranges between 100 ° F to 103 ° F. This might seem normal, but when this temperature is persistent, it is necessary to consult a doctor.  Pneumonia is contagious and the conditions of a person with pneumonia vary depending on the age and the type of virus that has affected the body. Pneumonia is classified into several types such as bacterial pneumonia, hospital-acquired pneumonia, and community-acquired pneumonia. Various blood tests are done to recognize the type of pneumonia that has occurred. Various root causes of pneumonia Community-based pneumonia is caused by the spread of bacteria from hospitals and nursing homes, but this type of pneumonia can be cured with proper antibiotics. Viral fevers are transferable and when one person in the community gets it, the whole community is likely to be affected.