Heart attack, also known as Myocardial Infarction, is very common in the country. In fact, it is so random that it happens to people every 40 seconds. The heart is a muscle that needs proper nourishment with oxygen and this oxygen is supplied to the heart through the blood. When the arteries to a certain segment of the heart are collapsed or blocked, the oxygen supply to the heart is stopped and as a result, the heart muscles begin to die. This is what is known as a heart attack in medical terms. The risk increases for males over the age of 45 and for females over the age of 55 years. With age, inner walls of the arteries become narrower due to the deposits of fatty materials which are called plaque. When an area of this plaque breaks, some blood tends to stick around in the damaged segment of the artery and forms blood clots that prevent the easy flow of blood to the heart. This causes chest pain and ultimately results in a heart attack. It is different from cardiac arrest as during a heart attack blood cannot reach the heart, whereas cardiac arrest is when the heart stops beating altogether due to some malfunctions in the heart.

Bipolar disorder, also known as manic depression is a mental illness which creates rapid mood fluctuations. It is a lifetime disorder and is popular in teens and adults. However, children are also likely to get affected by this. Bipolar disorders can drastically affect a person’s well being due to the frequent mood swings. Generally, there are two phases of bipolar disorders, namely, the hypo-mania phase and the depression phase. About 70% of people diagnosed with bipolar disorder suffer from hypo-mania or the depression phase. Psychological treatments help in recovering from such situations. For example, difficulty in sleeping, anger, irritation, etc. are all symptoms of bipolar disorder. According to studies, around 4.4% of people in the country suffer from bipolar disorders. Causes of bipolar disorder According to many health specialists and psychologists, this kind of mental illness has no such cause but there are several factors that may lead to this disorder. Genetics has been described as the main factor that leads to bipolar disorders. It is found that if a person has any family member with a mental disorder then he or she may develop such a disorder later. Often stress and anxiety is the root cause. A person suffering from a lot of stress for a long period of time is likely to be affected by this mental illness.

Dry eyes syndrome is one of the most common eye problems that eye care specialists have to treat. It occurs when oil, water, antibodies and mucus in tears are not in a proper amount to run the tear system properly. Dry eyes are often called with different medical terms, each standing for different conditions such as inflammation and dryness in the cornea is called Keratitis Sicca, dryness in cornea and conjunctiva is called Keratoconjunctivitis Sicca and inadequate formation of tears lead to dysfunctional tear syndrome. There are certain risk factors behind dry eyes such as aging, hormonal changes in women during menopause or pregnancy or for using contraceptive pills. Proper treatment is necessary during the initial stages to avoid complications like an eye infection, vision problems, corneal abrasion, and eye inflammation. It can also lead to a deterioration of social or personal lifestyle like difficulty in watching tv or computer, difficulty in driving or reading etc. Causes of dry eyes Those who are addicted to mobiles or spend significant time sitting in front of the computer are prone to having dry eyes as while looking at the digital screen, eyes tend to flutter less frequently, thereby tears get evaporated quickly.

Diarrhea is mostly associated with irregular bowel syndrome. The condition is accompanied by dehydration which can occur to not only infants and little ones but also adults and seniors. In most cases, diarrhea can continue for a few weeks which can be easily diagnosed and treated with fluid intake and medications. Apart from this acute syndrome, Chronic Diarrhea is also seen where the initial symptoms go unnoticed and the symptoms last for over four weeks which ultimately might require hospitalization. Adults can prevent the complications by avoiding unpeeled or unwashed raw vegetables and fruits, having perfectly cooked food served hot, using iodine tablets or boiling water before drinking or using for any purpose. As for kids, they must be given bottle fluid and proper medication if no vaccination was taken during childhood. By eating properly cooked food and purified water and looking out for travel warnings, one can avoid diarrhea. What are the causes of diarrhea? In the US, the commonest shenanigans for causing Diarrhea are the bacteria like Salmonella, E-coli, Shigella, Campylobacter being contaminated with water and food. Irritable Bowel Syndrome and Inflammatory Bowel Disease are also some of the diseases responsible for causing chronic Diarrhea. The infections caused by the virus like Adenovirus, Rotavirus, Norovirus as well as Parasites like Entamoeba and Giardia are quite prevalent reasons behind diarrhea.

Bladder cancer is one of the 10 most life-threatening cancers that are affecting people in the country, claiming more than 80,000 on a yearly basis. The number of men falling victim to bladder cancer is three to four times greater than that of women, and the number of Caucasians being affected is two times more than that of other races. Bladder cancer can be defined as the abnormal as well as uncontrollable growth and reproduction of cells in the urinary bladder. This is the case when the natural mechanism of restricting the uncontrolled cell division is hindered. Bladder cancer can be of many types, and among them, the case of invasive cancer can get metastasized to different parts of the body such as the bones, liver, and lungs. Causes of Bladder Cancer Some of the most common causes of bladder cancer are excessive smoking or chewing of tobacco, parasitic infections from unhygienic places, chemical exposure from working at factories or laboratories, among many others. Those who have gone through radiation exposure to pelvic area for some diseases, especially for cancer in past are also at high risk of getting bladder cancer. Other causes are as follows. Taking diabetic medications containing pioglitazone for a prolonged time Working as a painter, hairdresser, driver, machinist or printer operator, i.e., working around potentially harmful chemicals Having chronic inflammation of the bladder People over 40 having an immediate relative like parents and siblings can get bladder cancer due to family history, race or genetics Symptoms of Bladder Cancer Reddish tinted urine or secretion of a small amount of blood is the immediate symptoms of bladder cancer.

Back pain is a symptom rather than a disorder caused by diverse medical problems. Back is comprised of different portions like the lower, middle and the upper part that distinctly get affected. It may be consistent or intermittent causing mild to severe pain. An acute instance of back pain is generally found in the adult population. It is found that 8 out of 10 adults are affected by back pain. The back is composed of complex structures that individually take part to cause the pain. The spine is located at the posterior portion of the body, innervated by several nerve fibers. Back pain is caused by strained tissue, muscle, and ligaments. It is estimated that 5-10% of the patients suffering from back pain have recurrent long-lasting back pain. Acute pain in the back is caused by damaged tissues. An acute back pain can have two effects: bowel incontinence and weakness in the muscle, thus hindering the smooth performance of motor activities. Back pain may also be seen in a younger individual when there is a disc space gradually developed due to a degeneration of the disc. People belonging to the older age group face degeneration of the joints as well as disc, often resulting in osteoarthritis.

Autism is a complex disability that triggers during the early development of the child. This is predominant among the younger generation and is recognized as a neurological disorder that interferes with the normal functioning of the brain. Autism leads to retarded mental development, causing poor interaction and communication skills in the affected children. It is also believed that the disorder has a close resemblance to the attention deficit hyperactivity disorder abbreviated as ADHD. An autistic child is a special child with a repetitive and restricted pattern of behavioral activities. It is estimated that 1 of 10 children born every year is affected by autism. The signs are evident by 3 years of age which could be detected as fast as 18 months in some exceptional cases. The toddler may eventually become withdrawn, indifferent to surrounding overtures. As compared to the social and cognitive skills, the motor skills may respond in a normal fashion in an autistic child. What are the causes of autism? Autism is caused due to a mutation in the genes that code for SynGAP1 protein. This mutated protein affects the synapse of the nerve that impairs the intellectual and behavioral features of the newborn child. This protein subsides cognition and intellectual ability of the developing child.

Anxiety can occur anytime: at the workplace, during an exam, or while in the process of making a crucial decision. For some people, the state of anxiety can be prolonged, which results in difficulty in conducting daily routine. Anxiety disorders can fall into different categories like phobia or panic disorders. Those who suffer from anxiety can feel a sudden increase in the level of their anxiety for six months. Panic disorder Those who have panic disorder might get periodic panic attacks. During this phase, a person encounters intense fear as a result of any object or situation. Due to this, one can experience smothering, sweating, or feel signs of impending doom. People with panic disorder expect another similar attack in the near future, due to which they begin to avoid certain situations and places. Phobia disorders Phobia refers to an aversion to certain situations. A person with a phobia might get afraid of things that might seem quite trivial to others. There are possibilities that a person who is under the spell of phobia could even take necessary steps for keeping a distance from that feared object. What are the causes of anxiety? A lot of research has been conducted to determine the specific causes of anxiety disorders and it has been found that environmental, as well as genetic factors, leads to the development of anxiety.

Brain cancer is a rare kind of cancer which arises due to the growth of malignant cells in the tissues of the brain. The cells that grow in the brain tissue generally take the form of a tumor. This tumor is a cancer tissue which largely interferes with the functioning of the brain. These tumors, also termed malignant tumors, grow in the brain in a rapid and abnormal manner. There is a chance that the cancerous cells can grow from the pre-existing normal brain cells. Secondary cancers can also occur in the human brain. This is caused when the cancer cells are spread in the brain via the bloodstream. This type of a brain cancer is also known as metastatic brain cancer. The statistics from the National Cancer Institute and the American Cancer Society says that around 16,050 people die of brain cancer where around 23,770 people develop it. 5% of people can develop a brain cancer as a result of genetic conditions through heredity. They can develop certain types of cancer like neurofibromatosis, tuberous sclerosis, and others. Causes of brain cancer There are a few and rare types of cell growth which occurs in the human brain leading to brain cancers.

Celiac disease is developed due to the immune reaction to the consumption of foods which has gluten in them. It is generally found in food items like rye, wheat, and barley. Villus, a small intestinal component, is affected due to this disease which leads to mal-absorption of nutrients. Malnutrition is one of the main condition which affects the victim of this disease. Causes of celiac disease Though the exact causes cannot be effectively established, there are some triggers and risk factors which may lead to celiac disease. The triggers may strike after a surgery, viral infection, childbirth, massive stress, or pregnancy. In most of the cases, a high gluten intake can be the main cause of this disease. Genetic variations can also lead to celiac disease. Symptoms of celiac disease The symptoms of this disease can be diversely different in case of children and adults. In the case of adults, the symptoms may be related to digestive system abnormalities. They are: Pain in the abdomen Diarrhea Vomiting Constipation Fatigue Weight loss In addition to the above, there may be other symptoms which an adult may experience. They might not relate to the gastrointestinal system. They are: Iron deficiency leading to anemia Bone softening Ulcers in the mouth Blisters and itchy skin rashes Numbness in various muscles of the body Pain in the joints Heartburn Abnormal spleen functioning Children can develop celiac disease as early as when they are 2-years-old.

Melanoma is one of the serious types of skin cancer. It usually develops in the melanocytes, which produce the pigment melanin that gives color to the human skin. While melanoma can occur in other parts of the body as well, such as the eyes or internal organs, skin cancer is the most common and dangerous one. Prolonged exposure to ultraviolet radiation often causes changes in the DNA of the melanocytes in the skin. This, as a result, will trigger mutations that involve the incessant growth of skin cells. This uncontrollable growth of skin cells leads to the development of unwanted tumors, moles, blemishes, etc. The occurrence of melanoma (skin cancer) has been growing in the country as more people are being exposed to UV rays and sunburns. The rays are so powerful that they easily penetrate the skin layer and give rise to such mutations and aggravate the complications arising due to these tumors. Causes of melanoma (skin cancer) Everyone is at a risk of developing this cancer. However, some are at an enhanced risk if any or more of the following conditions are experienced. Exposure to sunlight:  The UV rays coming from the sun have proven to be harmful to human skin when exposed for a long time.