How does satellite navigation work?
To understand the various applications of satellite navigation better, it is necessary to understand how a satellite based navigation system works. Eschewing all high-tech details, an attempt to explain the fundamentals in a layman’s language is certainly a tall order. This write up is based on the US-based GPS system, which is one of the best in service. The GPS uses 24 active satellites going around the earth all 24 hours of the day. They orbit the earth twice in a day. They orbit at an altitude of 20,000 km above the surface of the earth, inclined to the earth’s equator at 550. This setup ensures that each of them is always in sight of at least half a dozen others while only 3 are required to make an accurate fix of one’s position. This is one of the three segments, the space segment. The second, a ground based segment called the Master Control system is an intricate network of antennas, monitors, and control stations. The third segment is with the receiver which is always with the user. Triangulation is a trigonometric operation to find out one’s location and one which the old-world navigators used. One would need a map of the area and a compass too.